Whitewash vs. Limewash - what's the difference?

You may have questions regarding whitewash versus limewash if you consider updating the brick on your home’s façade or fireplace or simply seeking the perfect paint color. There is a difference between the two concepts despite their frequent conflation in common usage. When comparing whitewashing and limewashing, what are the key differences? Is there a clear winner between the two for the future painting job?